天津市实施《中华人民共和国企业劳动争议处理条例》办法
天津市人民政府
天津市实施《中华人民共和国企业劳动争议处理条例》办法
天津市人民政府
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了妥善处理企业劳动争议，保障企业和职工的合法权益，维护正常的生产经营秩序，发展良好的劳动关系，促进改革开放的顺利发展，根据《中华人民共和国劳动法》和《中华人民共和国企业劳动争议处理条例》（以下简称《条例》），结合本市实际情况，制定本办法。
第二条 本办法适用于本市行政区域内的企业与职工之间的下列劳动争议：
（一）因企业开除、除名、辞退职工和职工辞职、自动离职发生的争议；
（二）因企业职工流动、停薪留职从事第二职业发生的争议；
（三）因执行国家和本市有关工资（含津贴和补贴）的规定发生的争议；
（四）因执行国家和本市有关养老保险、失业保险、工伤保险、医疗保险、生育保险和病假待遇、死亡丧葬抚恤的规定发生的争议；
（五）因执行国家和本市有关集体福利费、交通补助费、探亲路费、取暖补贴、生活困难补助费等福利待遇的规定发生的争议；
（六）因执行国家和本市有关职业技术培训的规定，职工在职期间参加各类专业学校和各种技术训练班、进修班的培训及相关的培训合同、培训费用等发生的争议；
（七）因执行国家和本市有关工作时间、休息时间、休假制度、劳动安全卫生、女职工劳动保护、未成年人劳动保护等规定发生的争议；
（八）因履行、变更、续订、解除、终止劳动合同发生的争议；
（九）法律、法规、规章规定的其他劳动争议。
第三条 企业与职工为劳动争议案件的当事人。
本办法所称职工，是指依法与企业确立劳动关系的劳动者。包括企业的管理人员、专业技术人员和工人（含外籍员工）。
第四条 处理劳动争议应当遵循的原则和申请处理劳动争议的程序，依照《条例》第四条、第六条的规定办理。
第五条 发生劳动争议的职工一方在三人以上，并有共同理由的，应当推举一至三名代表参加调解或者仲裁活动。
被推举的代表应向劳动争议仲裁委员会提交推举人共同签署的授权委托书。
第二章 企业调解
第六条 企业可以设立劳动争议调解委员会（以下简称调解委员会）。调解委员会的人员组成、办事机构的设立，依照《条例》第七条至第九条的规定办理。
设有分厂（分公司、分店）的企业，可以在总厂（总公司、总店）和分厂（分公司、分店）分别设立调解委员会。
第七条 调解委员会及其办事机构所需活动经费，由企业承担。
第八条 调解委员会调解劳动争议，依照《条例》第十条、第十一条的规定执行。
经调解达成协议的，应当制作调解协议书，协议书由双方当事人签字，调解委员会主任署名，加盖调解委员会印章。
第三章 仲裁
第九条 市和区、县以及天津经济技术开发区、天津港保税区设立劳动争议仲裁委员会（以下简称仲裁委员会）。
第十条 仲裁委员会由下列人员组成：
（一）同级劳动行政部门的代表；
（二）同级工会的代表；
（三）同级政府指定的用人单位方面的代表。
仲裁委员会组成必须是单数，主任由劳动行政部门的负责人担任。仲裁委员会成员名单报请同级人民政府批准后，报上级仲裁委员会备案。
劳动行政部门的劳动争议处理机构为仲裁委员会的办事机构，负责办理仲裁委员会的日常事务。
仲裁委员会实行少数服从多数的原则。
第十一条 仲裁委员会可以聘任劳动行政部门或者政府其他有关部门的人员、工会工作者、专家学者和律师为专职的或者兼职的仲裁员。
仲裁员资格由市劳动行政部门考核认定。取得仲裁员资格的，方可在仲裁委员会担任专职或者兼职仲裁员。
兼职仲裁员与专职仲裁员在执行仲裁公务时享有同等权利。
兼职仲裁员进行仲裁活动时，所在单位应当给予支持。
第十二条 仲裁委员会处理劳动争议，实行仲裁员、仲裁庭制度。仲裁庭由三名仲裁员组成。
事实清楚、案情简单，适用法律法规明确的简单劳动争议案件，仲裁委员会可以指定一名仲裁员独任处理。
复杂的劳动争议案件，仲裁委员会应指定一名首席仲裁员和二名仲裁员处理。
仲裁庭对重大的或者疑难的劳动争议案件的处理，可以提交仲裁委员会讨论决定；仲裁委员会的决定，仲裁庭必须执行。
第十三条 市仲裁委员会负责受理下列劳动争议：
（一）在全市有重大影响的和跨省、市的劳动争议；
（二）投资额在500万美元以上的外商投资企业发生的劳动争议；
（三）座落在市内六区的、投资额在500万美元以下的市属外商投资企业发生的劳动争议；
（四）境外企业驻津办事机构发生的劳动争议；
（五）外籍员工与企业发生的劳动争议。
区、县仲裁委员会负责处理本行政区域内市仲裁委员会管辖以外的企业发生的劳动争议。
天津经济技术开发区仲裁委员会、天津港保税区仲裁委员会分别负责处理在天津经济技术开发区、天津港保税区注册登记的企业发生的劳动争议。
第十四条 上级仲裁委员会应当指导、监督下级仲裁委员会办理案件。
下级仲裁委员会对其管辖的案件，认为需要由上级仲裁委员会办理的，以及上级仲裁委员会认为应当提交自己办理的，可由上级仲裁委员会办理。
第十五条 仲裁委员会发现受理的案件不属于自己管辖时，应当移送有管辖权的仲裁委员会。仲裁委员会之间因管辖权发生争议，由双方协商解决；协商不成的，由他们共同上级仲裁委员会指定管辖。
第十六条 无民事行为能力的和限制民事行为能力的职工，可以由其法定代理人代为参加仲裁活动；死亡的职工和没有法定代理人的，由仲裁委员会为其指定代理人代为参加仲裁活动。
第十七条 仲裁委员会受理的案件当事人双方可以自行和解，和解后由申诉人申请撤诉。案件的撤诉发生在仲裁庭组成以前，由仲裁委员会主任做出决定；发生在仲裁庭成立以后，由仲裁庭做出决定。
第十八条 当事人应当自劳动争议发生之日起60日内，以书面形式向仲裁委员会申请仲裁。
当事人因不可抗力或者有其他正当理由超过前款规定的申请仲裁时效的，仲裁委员会应当受理。
第十九条 有关申诉书事项、仲裁委员会受理时效、被诉人提交答辩书时效、开庭通知送达和开庭调解事宜，依照《条例》第二十四条至第二十七条执行。
第二十条 调解达成协议的，仲裁庭应当根据协议内容制作仲裁调解书，调解书由双方当事人签字，仲裁员署名，加盖仲裁委员会印章，并送达双方当事人。调解书自送达之日起具有法律效力。
调解未达成协议或者调解书送达前当事人反悔的，仲裁庭应当及时裁决。
第二十一条 仲裁庭开庭裁决劳动争议案件，应当认真听取双方当事人的陈述，可以再行调解，调解仍无法达成协议的，由仲裁庭进行合议，按照少数服从多数的原则予以裁决。不同意见必须如实笔录。
仲裁庭做出裁决后，应当制作仲裁裁决书，送达双方当事人。
第二十二条 当事人对仲裁裁决不服的，依照《条例》第三十条的规定执行。
第二十三条 当事人对发生法律效力的调解书和裁决书，应当依照规定的期限履行。一方当事人逾期不履行的，另一方当事人可以申请人民法院强制执行。
第二十四条 仲裁庭处理劳动争议，应当在收到仲裁申请的60日内结束。案情复杂需要延期的，经报仲裁委员会批准，可以适当延期，但是延长的期限不得超过30日。
因不可抗力使仲裁活动不能进行的，仲裁庭可以向仲裁委员会申请中止仲裁活动。中止仲裁活动的原因消除后，应当立即恢复仲裁活动。
第二十五条 仲裁委员会对本级仲裁庭已经发生法律效力的裁决，发现确有错误的，应当重新处理并在30日内处理完毕。
第二十六条 劳动争议当事人申请仲裁，应当按照国家有关规定交纳仲裁费。仲裁费包括案件受理费和处理费。收费的标准和办法按国家有关规定执行。
仲裁委员会工作经费不足的部分由同级人民政府财政部门解决。
第二十七条 仲裁委员会组成人员或者仲裁员有《条例》第三十五条规定情形之一需要回避的，按下列权限决定：
（一）仲裁委员会主任的回避，由仲裁委员会决定；
（二）仲裁委员会成员和仲裁员及其他人员的回避由仲裁委员会主任决定。
第二十八条 职工一方在30人以上的集体劳动争议按国家规定的案件特别审理程序处理。
第四章 附 则
第二十九条 违反《条例》和本办法的，依照《条例》第四章的规定处罚。
第三十条 国家机关、事业单位、社会团体与本单位工人之间，个体工商户和与之建立劳动关系的劳动者之间，发生的劳动争议，参照本办法执行。
第三十一条 本办法具体应用的问题由市劳动行政部门负责解释。
第三十二条 本办法自发布之日起施行。1987年12月29日天津市人民政府发布的《天津市贯彻〈国营企业劳动争议处理暂行规定〉实施细则》同时废止。
1995年2月12日
国务院关于鼓励华侨和香港澳门同胞投资的规定(附英文)
国务院
国务院关于鼓励华侨和香港澳门同胞投资的规定(附英文)
1990年8月19日，国务院
规定
第一条 为促进我国经济发展，鼓励华侨和香港澳门同胞（以下统称华侨、港澳投资者）在境内投资，制定本规定。
第二条 华侨、港澳投资者可以在境内各省、自治区、直辖市、经济特区投资。
鼓励华侨、港澳投资者依照国家有关规定从事土地开发经营。
第三条 华侨、港澳投资者在境内可以下列形式进行投资：
（一）举办华侨、港澳投资者拥有全部资本的企业；
（二）举办合资经营企业、合作经营企业；
（三）开展补偿贸易、来料加工装配、合作生产；
（四）购买企业的股票和债券；
（五）购置房产；
（六）依法取得士地使用权，开发经营；
（七）法律、法规允许的其他投资形式。
第四条 华侨、港澳投资者可以在境内的工业、农业、服务业以及其他符合社会和经济发展方向的行业投资。华侨、港澳投资者可以从各地方人民政府有关部门公布的项目中选择投资项目，也可以自行提出投资项目意向，向拟投资地区对外经济贸易部门或者地方人民政府指定的审批机关申请。
国家鼓励华侨、港澳投资者投资举办产品出口企业和先进技术企业，并给予相应的优惠待遇。
第五条 华侨、港澳投资者在境内投资举办拥有全部资本的企业、合资经营企业和合作经营企业（以下统称华侨、港澳同胞投资企业），除适用本规定外，参照执行国家有关涉外经济法律、法规的规定，享受相应的外商投资企业待遇。
华侨、港澳投资者在境内进行其他形式的投资，以及在境内没有设立营业机构而有来源于境内的股息、利息、租金、特许权使用费和其他所得，除适用本规定外，也可以参照执行国家有关涉外经济法律、法规的规定。
第六条 华侨、港澳投资者可以用可自由兑换货币、机器设备或者其他实物、工业产权、专有技术等作为投资。
第七条 华侨、港澳投资者在境内的投资、购置的资产、工业产权、投资所得利润和其他合法权益受国家法律保护，并可以依法转让和继承。
华侨、港澳投资者在境内的活动应当遵守国家的法律、法规。
第八条 国家对华侨、港澳投资者的投资和其他资产不实行国有化。
第九条 国家根据社会公共利益的需要，对华侨、港澳同胞投资企业实行征收时，依照法律程序进行并给予相应的补偿。
第十条 华侨、港澳投资者投资获得的合法利润，其他合法收入和清算后的资金，可以依法汇往境外。
第十一条 华侨、港澳同胞投资企业在其投资总额内进口本企业所需的机器设备、生产用车辆和办公设备，以及华侨、港澳同胞个人在企业工作期间运进自用的、合理数量的生活用品和交通工具，免缴进口关税、工商统一税，免领进口许可证。
华侨、港澳同胞投资企业进口用于生产出口产品的原材料、燃料、散件、零部件、元器件、配套件，免缴进口关税、工商统一税，免领进口许可证，由海关实行监管。上述进口料件，如用于在境内销售的产品，应当按照国家规定补办进口手续，并照章补税。
华侨、港澳同胞投资企业生产的出口产品，除国家限制出口的外，免缴出口关税和工商统一税。
第十二条 华侨、港澳同胞投资企业可以向境内的金融机构借款，也可以向境外的金融机构借款，并可以本企业资产和权益抵押、担保。
第十三条 华侨、港澳同胞投资者拥有全部资本的企业，经营期限由投资者自行确定；合资经营企业和合作经营企业，经营期限由合资或者合作各方协商确定，也可以不规定经营期限。
第十四条 合资经营企业董事会的组成和董事长的委派、合作经营企业董事会或者联合管理机构的组成和董事长或者联合管理机构主任的委派，可以参照出资比例或者合作条件，由合资或者合作各方协商决定。
第十五条 华侨、港澳同胞投资企业依照经批准的合同、章程进行经营管理活动。企业的经营管理自主权不受干涉。
第十六条 在境内投资的华侨、港澳同胞个人以及华侨、港澳同胞投资企业从境外聘请的技术和管理人员，可以申请办理多次入出境的证件。
第十七条 华侨、港澳投资者在境内投资可以委托境内的亲友为其代理人。代理人应当持有具有法律效力的委托书。
第十八条 在华侨、港澳同胞投资企业集中的地区，华侨、港澳投资者可以向当地人民政府申请成立华侨、港澳投资者协会。
第十九条 华侨、港澳投资者在境内投资举办合资经营企业、合作经营企业，由境内的合资、合作方负责申请；举办华侨、港澳投资者拥有全部资本的企业，由华侨、港澳投资者直接申请或者委托在境内的亲友、咨询服务机构等代为申请。华侨、港澳投资者投资举办企业的申请，由当地对外经济贸易部门或者地方人民政府指定的审批机关统一受理。
华侨、港澳同胞投资企业的审批，按照国务院规定的权限办理。各级对外经济贸易部门或者地方人民政府指定的审批机关应当在收到全部申请文件之日起四十五天内决定批准或者不批准。
申请人应当在收到批准证书之日起三十天内，按照有关登记管理办法，向工商行政管理机关申请登记，领取营业执照。
第二十条 华侨、港澳投资者在境内投资因履行合同发生的或者与合同有关的争议，当事人应当尽可能通过协商或者调解解决。
当事人不愿协商、调解的，或者协商、调解不成的，可以依据合同中的仲裁条款或者事后达成的书面仲裁协议，提交境内或者其他仲裁机构仲裁。
当事人没有在合同中订立仲裁条款，事后又没有达成书面仲裁协议的，可以向人民法院起诉。
第二十一条 本规定由对外经济贸易部负责解释。
第二十二条 本规定自发布之日起施行。
PROVISIONS OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE ENCOURAGEMENT OFINVESTMENTS BY OVERSEAS CHINESE AND COMPATRIOTS FROM HONG KONG AND MACAO
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
PROVISIONS OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF
INVESTMENTS BY OVERSEAS CHINESE AND COMPATRIOTS FROM HONG KONG AND MACAO
(Promulgated by Decree No. 64 of the State Council of the People's
Republic of China on August 19, 1990, and effective as of the date of
promulgation)
Article 1
These Provisions are formulated with a view to promoting the economic
development of our country and to encouraging overseas Chinese and
compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao (hereinafter referred to as "overseas
Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao") to make investments
in China's inland areas.
Article 2
Overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao can make
investments in the various provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities
directly under the Central Government, and special economic zones in
China's inland areas.
Overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao are
encouraged to engage themselves in business operations of land development
in accordance with the pertinent regulations of the state.
Article 3
The investments made by the overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong
Kong and Macao may take the following forms:
(1) to establish enterprises with the capital wholly owned by the overseas
Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao;
(2) to establish equity joint ventures and contractual joint ventures;
(3) to carry out compensation trade, to process supplied materials, to
assemble supplied parts, and to carry out contractual production;
(4) to purchase shares and various bonds and debentures of existing
enterprises;
(5) to purchase real estate;
(6) to obtain land use right according to law and to engage in land
development operation;
(7) to use other forms of investment permitted under the laws and
regulations.
Article 4
Overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao can make
investments in various trades in China's inland areas: in industries, in
agriculture, in service trades, and in other trades that are in conformity
with the orientation of social and economic development. Overseas Chinese
investors and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao may select their
investment projects from the lists of projects made public by the
departments concerned under various local people's governments; they may
also put forward, of their own accord, proposals as to their investment
intent and file their applications to the departments of foreign economic
relations and trade or to the examining and approving organs designated by
various local people's governments located in areas where they intend to
make their investments.
The State encourages overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong
and Macao to make investments in the establishment of export-oriented
enterprises and of technologically advanced enterprises, and gives
corresponding preferential treatment to such enterprises.
Article 5
With respect to the various types of enterprises established with
investments by overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and
Macao - enterprises with the capital wholly owned by such investors
equity, joint ventures, and contractual joint ventures (hereinafter
referred to as "enterprises with investments by overseas Chinese and
compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao"), they shall all be operated in
accordance with these Provisions; in addition, they may also enjoy the
corresponding preferential treatment as enjoyed by enterprises with
foreign investments, in the light of the relevant provisions in the state
laws, decrees and regulations on external economic relations. Cases
concerning other forms of investment made by such investors in China's
inland areas, and concerning their dividends, interest, rental, royalties
and other incomes that come from China's inland areas without establishing
business offices here, shall be handled in accordance with these
Provisions, and, if need be, with reference to foreign-related economic
laws, decrees and regulations of the State.
Article 6
Overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao may make
their investments by using convertible currencies, machinery and equipment
or other physical goods industrial property rights, and proprietary
technology.
Article 7
The investment made in China's inland areas by overseas Chinese investors
and those from Hong Kong and Macao, the assets they have purchased, their
industrial property rights, the profits from their investments, and other
lawful rights and interests shall be protected by State laws, and may be
transferred or inherited according to law. Overseas Chinese investors and
those from Hong Kong and Macao shall abide by State laws and regulations
in their activities in inland areas.
Article 8
The State shall not nationalize the investment made by overseas Chinese
investors and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao or other assets
belonging to them.
Article 9
Where the state, in accordance with the needs of social and public
interest, has to requisition the enterprises with investments by overseas
Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao, the state shall
handle the case according to the legal procedures and the investors
concerned shall be duly compensated.
Article 10
The lawful profits gained by overseas Chinese investors and those from
Hong Kong and Macao from their investments, their other lawful incomes and
the funds after liquidation may be remitted out of China's inland areas
according to law.
Article 11
Machinery and equipment imported to meet the needs of enterprises with
investments by overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao
and, included in the total amount of investment, motor vehicles for use in
production, office equipment, as well as articles and means of
communications for personal use and within reasonable quantities, imported
by overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao during the
period when they work in the aforesaid enterprises shall be exempted from
Customs duties and consolidated industrial and commercial tax, and also
from the application for import licences.
The raw and processed materials, fuels, bulk parts, spare and component
parts, primary parts, and fittings, which are imported by enterprises with
investments by overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao
for the production of export commodities, shall all be exempt from Customs
duties and consolidated industrial and commercial tax and also from the
application for import licences and placed under the supervision of the
Customs. In case that the aforesaid imported materials and parts are used
for the production of commodities to be sold on China's inland markets, it
is imperative to make up the procedures for importation and to pay taxes
and duties according to the regulations.
The export commodities produced by the enterprises with investments by
overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao shall, with the
exception of those commodities the exportation of which is under
restriction by the State, be exempt from Customs duties on export goods
and consolidated industrial and commercial tax.
Article 12
Enterprises with investments by overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong
Kong and Macao may obtain loans from financial institutions in China's
inland areas; they may also obtain loans from financial institutions
outside China's inland areas, and may use their assets as well as their
rights and interests as mortgage or security.
Article 13
With respect to enterprises with the capital wholly owned by overseas
Chinese investors and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao, their period
of operation shall be determined by the investors themselves; as to equity
joint ventures and contractual joint ventures, their period of operation
shall be determined, through consultation, by the various parties to the
above-said joint ventures; they may also set no limit to the period of
operation.
Article 14
The composition of the board of directors of joint ventures and the
appointment of the chairman of the board of directors, the composition of
the board of directors or of the joint management organs of contractual
joint ventures and the appointment of the chairman or the appointment of
the director of the joint management organs, shall be determined, through
consultation, by the various parties to the equity joint ventures or to
the contractual joint ventures in the light of the proportion of
investments or the terms of contract.
Article 15
Enterprises with investments by overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong
Kong and Macao shall conduct their operational and management activities
in accordance with the approved contract or articles of association. The
enterprises' decision-making power for business operations and management
shall not be interfered with.
Article 16
Overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao who have made
investments in China's inland areas, and the technical and managerial
personnel engaged from outside the boundaries of China's inland areas by
enterprises with investments by overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong
Kong and Macao, may apply for multi-journey travel documents.
Article 17
Overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao who make
investments in China's inland areas may appoint their relatives or friends
residing in the inland areas as their agents. The agents should hold
legally effective letters of authority.
Article 18
In areas where enterprises with investments by overseas Chinese and
compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao are concentrated, overseas Chinese
investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao may apply to the local
people's government for the establishment of the association of overseas
Chinese investors and investors from Hong Kong and Macao.
Article 19
With respect to equity joint ventures and contractual joint ventures to be
established in China's inland areas, with the investments by overseas
Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao, the application for
the establishment of the aforesaid enterprises shall be filed by the
inland party; as to the enterprises to be established with capital wholly
owned by overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and Macao,
the application shall be filed directly by such investors themselves, or
they may entrust their relatives or friends residing in China's inland
areas, or entrust the institution providing consultancy services, with the
application. Applications for the establishment of enterprises with
investments by overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao
shall be accepted and handled exclusively by the local department for
foreign economic relations and trade, or by the examining and approving
organs designated by the local people's government.
The examination and approval of the applications for the establishment of
enterprises with investments from overseas Chinese and compatriots from
Hong Kong and Macao shall be handled in accordance with the authorization
by the State Council. Departments for foreign economic relations and trade
at the various levels or the examining and approving organs designated by
the local people's government shall, within forty-five days of receipt of
complete application documents, make the decision on whether the said
application is approved or disapproved.
The applicant shall, within thirty days of receipt of the written
approval, file an application to the department for the administration of
industry and commerce, and, in accordance with the relevant procedures for
registration and administration, go through the procedures for
registration and obtain the business licence.
Article 20
With respect to overseas Chinese investors and those from Hong Kong and
Macao who have made investments in China's inland areas, in case that a
dispute arises during the execution of or in relation to a contract, the
parties concerned shall try their best to settle the dispute through
consultation or mediation.
In case that the parties concerned are unwilling to settle the dispute
through consultation or mediation, or the dispute cannot be settled
through consultation or mediation, the parties concerned may, in
accordance with the stipulations of the arbitration articles in the
contract, or in accordance with the written arbitration agreement reached
by the parties concerned after the dispute has arisen, submit their
dispute to the arbitration authorities in China's inland areas or
elsewhere for settlement.
In the event that the parties concerned did not specify an arbitration
article in their contract, and no written arbitration agreement has been
reached after the dispute occurs, then the dispute may be brought before
the people's court.
Article 21
The right to interpret these Provisions rests with the Ministry of Foreign
Economic Relations and Trade.
Article 22
These Provisions shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
