中华人民共和国水下文物保护管理条例(附英文)
国务院
中华人民共和国水下文物保护管理条例(附英文)
1989年10月20日，国务院
第一条 为了加强水下文物保护工作的管理，根据《中华人民共和国文物保护法》的有关规定，制定本条例。
第二条 本条例所称水下文物，是指遗存于下列水域的具有历史、艺术和科学价值的人类文化遗产：
（一）遗存于中国内水、领海内的一切起源于中国的、起源国不明的和起源于外国的文物；
（二）遗存于中国领海以外依照中国法律由中国管辖的其他海域内的起源于中国的和起源国不明的文物；
（三）遗存于外国领海以外的其他管辖海域以及公海区域内的起源于中国的文物。
前款规定内容不包括一九一一年以后的与重大历史事件、革命运动以及著名人物无关的水下遗存。
第三条 本条例第二条第（一）、（二）项所规定的水下文物属于国家所有，国家对其行使管辖权；本条例第二条第（三）项所规定的水下文物，国家享有辨认器物物主的权利。
第四条 国家文物局主管水下文物的登记注册、保护管理以及水下文物的考古勘探和发掘活动的审批工作。
地方各级文物行政管理部门负责本行政区域水下文物的保护工作，会同文物考古研究机构负责水下文物的确认和价值鉴定工作。对于海域内的水下文物，国家文物局可以指定地方文物行政管理部门代为负责保护管理工作。
第五条 根据水下文物的价值，国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府可以依据《中华人民共和国文物保护法》第二章规定的有关程序，确定全国或者省级水下文物保护单位、水下文物保护区，并予公布。
在水下文物保护单位和水下文物保护区内，禁止进行危及水下文物安全的捕捞、爆破等活动。
第六条 任何单位或者个人以任何方式发现本条例第二条第（一）、（二）项所规定的水下文物，应当及时报告国家文物局或者地方文物行政管理部门；已打捞出水的，应当及时上缴国家文物局或者地方文物行政管理部门处理。
任何单位或者个人以任何方式发现本条例第二条第（三）项所规定的水下文物，应当及时报告国家文物局或者地方文物行政管理部门；已打捞出水的，应当及时提供国家文物局或者地方文物行政管理部门辨认、鉴定。
第七条 水下文物的考古勘探和发掘活动应当以文物保护和科学研究为目的。任何单位或者个人在中国管辖水域进行水下文物的考古勘探或者发掘活动，必须向国家文物局提出申请，并提供有关资料。未经国家文物局批准，任何单位或者个人不得以任何方式私自勘探或者发掘。
外国国家、国际组织、外国法人或者自然人在中国管辖水域进行水下文物的考古勘探或者发掘活动，必须采取与中国合作的方式进行，其向国家文物局提出的申请，须由国家文物局报经国务院特别许可。
第八条 任何单位或者个人经批准后实施水下文物考古勘探或者发掘活动，活动范围涉及港务监督部门管辖水域的，必须报请港务监督部门核准，由港务监督部门核准划定安全作业区，发布航行通告。
第九条 任何单位或者个人实施水下文物考古勘探或者发掘活动时，还必须遵守中国其他有关法律、法规，接受有关部门的管理；遵守水下考古、潜水、航行等规程，确保人员和水下文物的安全；防止水体的环境污染，保护水下生物资源和其他自然资源不受损害；保护水面、水下的一切设施；不得妨碍交通运输、渔业生产、军事训练以及其他正常的水面、水下作业活动。
第十条 保护水下文物有突出贡献，符合《中华人民共和国文物保护法》第二十九条各项规定情形的，给予表彰、奖励。
违反本条例第五条、第六条、第七条的规定，破坏水下文物，私自勘探、发掘、打捞水下文物，或者隐匿、私分、贩运、非法出售、非法出口水下文物，具有《中华人民共和国文物保护法》第三十条、第三十一条各项规定情形的，依法给予行政处罚或者追究刑事责任。
违反本条例第八条、第九条的规定，造成严重后果的，由文物行政管理部门会同有关部门责令停止作业限期改进或者给予撤销批准的行政处罚，可以并处一千元至一万元的罚款。
第十一条 本条例由国家文物局负责解释。
第十二条 本条例的实施细则由国家文物局制定。
第十三条 本条例自发布之日起施行。
REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CONCERNING THE AD-MINISTRATION OF THE WORK FOR THE PROTECTION OF UNDERWATER CULTURAL RELICS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CONCERNING THE AD-
MINISTRATION OF THE WORK FOR THE PROTECTION OF UNDERWATER CULTURAL RELICS
(Promulgated by Decree No. 42 of the State Council of the People's
Republic of China on October 20, 1989 and effective as of the date of
promulgation)
Article 1
These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the pertinent
provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China for the Protection
of Cultural Relics for the purpose of strengthening the administration of
the work for the protection of underwater cultural relics.
Article 2
The term "underwater cultural relics" referred to in these Regulations
denotes the human cultural heritage that has historic, artistic and
scientific values and that remains in the following waters:
(1) all the cultural relics of Chinese origin, or of unidentified origin,
or of foreign origin that remain in the Chinese inland waters and
territorial waters;
(2) cultural relics that are of Chinese origin or of unidentified origin
that remain in sea areas outside the Chinese territorial waters but under
Chinese jurisdiction according to the Chinese law;
(3) cultural relics of Chinese origin that remain in sea areas outside the
territorial waters of any foreign country but under the jurisdiction of a
certain country, or in the high seas. The provisions in the preceding
paragraphs shall not cover objects that have remained underwater since
1911 that have nothing to do with important historical events,
revolutionary movements or renowned personages.
Article 3
The ownership of the underwater cultural relics specified in Paragraphs
(1) and (2) of Article 2 of these Regulations shall reside in the state
and the state shall exercise jurisdiction over them; with respect to
underwater cultural relics specified in Paragraphs (3) of Article 2 of
these Regulations, the state shall have the right to identify the owners
of the objects.
Article 4
The State Administration for Protection of Cultural Relics shall be the
competent authority in charge of the registration of underwater cultural
relics, of the administration of the protection thereof, and of the work
of examination and approval concerning the archaeological exploration and
excavation activities with respect to underwater cultural relics.
Administrative departments for cultural relics at various levels in the
localities shall be in charge of the protection of the underwater cultural
relics in their respective administrative regions and shall, in
conjunction with the archaeological and research institutions for cultural
relics, be in charge of the work to identify and assess the value of
underwater cultural relics. With respect to underwater cultural relics in
sea waters, the State Administration for Protection of Cultural Relics may
designate the administrative departments for cultural relics in the
localities to be in charge of the administration of the work for the
protection of underwater cultural relics.
Article 5
On the basis of the value of underwater cultural relics, the State Council
and the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government may in accordance
with the pertinent procedures specified in the provisions in Chapter II of
the Law of the People's Republic of China for the Protection of Cultural
Relics, determine the underwater cultural relics protection units and
underwater cultural relics reserves at the national or provincial levels
and publicly announce them.
Within the limits of the underwater cultural relics protection units and
underwater cultural relics reserves, any activities that may jeopardize
the safety of the underwater cultural relics, such as fishing and
demolitions, shall be prohibited.
Article 6
Any units or individuals that have discovered by any means underwater
cultural relics specified in Paragraphs (1) and (2) of Article 2 of these
Regulations shall report promptly to the State Administration for
Protection of Cultural Relics or to the administrative departments for
cultural relics in the localities and those that have been fished up shall
be handed over promptly to the State Administration for Protection of
Cultural Relics or to the administrative departments for cultural relics
in the localities to be properly dealt with.
Any units or individuals that have discovered by any means underwater
cultural relics specified in Paragraph (3) of Article 2 of these
Regulations shall report promptly to the State Administration for
Protection of Cultural Relics or to the administrative departments for
cultural relics in the localities and those that have been fished up shall
be turned in promptly to the State Administration for Protection of
Cultural Relics or to the administrative departments for cultural relics
in the localities to be identified and assessed.
Article 7
Archaeological exploration and excavation activities with respect to
underwater cultural relics shall have, as their objective, the protection
of cultural relics and scientific research. Any units or individuals that
intend to conduct in the waters under Chinese jurisdiction archaeological
exploration or excavation activities with respect to underwater cultural
relics shall apply to the State Administration for Protection of Cultural
Relics and submit the relevant data. Without approval by the State
Administration for Protection of Cultural Relics, no units or individuals
may conduct by any means unauthorized exploration or excavation.
Foreign countries, international organizations and foreign legal persons
or natural persons that are to conduct in the waters under Chinese
jurisdiction archaeological exploration or excavation activities shall do
so in cooperation with the Chinese side and shall submit their application
therefor to the State Administration for Protection of Cultural Relics,
which shall further submit it to the State Council of the People's
Republic of China for special approval.
Article 8
With respect to any units or individuals that have been permitted to
effect archaeological exploration or excavation activities with respect to
underwater cultural relics, if the range of their activities covers water
under the jurisdiction of the harbour superintendancy, the case shall be
reported to the harbour superintendancy for verification and approval and
the harbour superintendancy shall, upon verification and approval,
delineate the safe operation area(s) and put out a navigation notice.
Article 9
Any units or individuals that are effecting archaeological exploration or
excavation activities with respect to underwater cultural relics shall, in
addition to complying with these Regulations, abide by other laws and
regulations of China and accept the administration by the departments
concerned, shall observe rules concerning underwater archaeological
activities, diving and navigation and ensure the safety of the personnel
and the underwater cultural relics, shall prevent the water from
environmental pollution and protect the underwater biological resources
and other natural resources from damage, shall protect all the surface and
underwater facilities and may not obstruct communication and
transportation, fishery production, military drills and other normal
surface and underwater operations and activities.
Article 10
Those who have made outstanding contributions to the protection of
underwater cultural relics, if the circumstances are in conformity with
those specified in the provisions in Article 29 of the Law of the People's
Republic of China for the Protection of Cultural Relics, shall be
commended or rewarded.
Those who, in violation of the provisions in Articles 5, 6 and 7 of these
Regulations, damage underwater cultural relics, or explore, excavate or
dredge up underwater cultural relics without authorization, or hide, share
secretly, traffic in, illicitly sell or illicitly export underwater
cultural relics, if the circumstances are found to be those specified in
the provisions in Articles 30 and 31 of the Law of the People's Republic
of China for the Protection of Cultural Relics, shall be given
administrative sanctions or have their criminal liability investigated in
accordance with the law. With respect to those who violate the provisions
in Article 8 and 9 of these Regulations, if the violation has resulted in
serious consequences, the administrative department for cultural relics
shall, in conjunction with the departments concerned, order the operation
to be suspended and set a deadline for correction or shall give such
administrative sanctions as withdrawing the approval granted, with an
additional imposition of a fine ranging from Renminbi 1,000 yuan to 10,000
yuan.
Article 11
The State Administration for Protection of Cultural Relics shall be
responsible for the interpretation of these Regulations.
Article 12
The rules for the implementation of these Regulations shall be formulated
by the State Administration for Protection of Cultural Relics.
Article 13
These Regulations shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
关于试行《国家海洋局远洋调查科研工作奖惩暂行规定》的通知
国家海洋局
关于试行《国家海洋局远洋调查科研工作奖惩暂行规定》的通知
1985年12月1日，国家海洋局
各分局、研究所，海洋学校，出版社，预报中心，局机关党委和司（部、室）：
现将《国家海洋局远洋调查科研工作奖惩暂行规定》发给你们。此规定先在向阳红14、16船执行中美海气调查和太平洋锰结核资料综合调查两个航次中试行。之后，再进行总结修改，并将中、近海调查的奖惩办法加进去，待整理后，正式颁发。各单位的修改意见请报局政治部。
国家海洋局远洋调查科研工作奖惩暂行规定
第一条：为了在执行远洋调查科研任务中，发扬革命英雄主义精神，开展革命竞赛，奖勤惩懒，鼓励先进，树立榜样，充分调动干部、科技人员、船员的积极性和创造性，从而保证任务的园满完成，特制定本规定。
第二条：远洋调查、科研人员必须做到以下几条：
1、热爱中国共产党，热爱社会主义祖国，有理想、有纪律，忠于职守，事业心强。
2、刻苦钻研业务，工作积极，认真负责，保质保量按时完成任务。
3、不怕苦、不怕脏、不怕累，艰苦奋斗，顽强拼博，严肃认真，讲究科学。
4、遵守国家政策法令，遵守海上调查队员守则，严格各种规章制度，服从命令，听从指挥。
5、团结互助，密切配合，齐心协力，讲究风格，谦虚谨慎，作风正派。
6、遵守外事纪律，在涉外活动中不卑不亢，言谈举止端庄大方，注意内外有别，不泄露国家机密。
第三条：奖 励
（一）个人奖
种 类 荣誉奖 奖 金
记一等功 发奖状 500元
记二等功 发奖状 300元
记三等功 发奖状 100元
嘉 奖 发奖状 30元
（二）个人奖励条件
在远洋调查科研工作中，凡具备下列条件之一者，应根据其事迹突出程度，贡献大小，给予不同等级奖励。
1、为维护祖国独立、尊严和政治、经济利益，敢于斗争，善于斗争，表现突出者。
2、在海上航行作业中，积极提出合理化建议，并产生经济效益者。
3、工作极端认真负责，在发现和排除重大故障和险情，以及解决调查作业某些重大技术难关方面事迹突出，并对整个任务的完成做出贡献者。
4、工作干劲大、效率高、质量好。在比较困难的情况下保持设备良好，机器运转正常成绩突出者。
5、在紧急关头，临危不惧，舍己救人，以及抢险救灾方面事迹突出者。
6、在爱护仪器、设备、器材，节约油、淡水、材料等方面有显著成绩者。
7、在保证调查质量，园满完成调查计划方面有显著成绩或在科学研究上有重大发现者。
8、为保证远洋任务完成，在伙食、医疗卫生、服务保障等工作中有显著成绩者。
9、在维护团结、遵守纪律，抵制资产阶级思想作风侵袭方面有突出事迹者。
10、在组织指挥、行政管理、思想政治工作等方面，做出突出成绩者。
（三）集体奖
种 类 荣誉奖 物质奖
记集体一等功 发锦旗 价值300－2000元
记集体二等功 发锦旗 价值200－1500元
记集体三等功 发锦旗 价值100－1000元
嘉 奖 发锦旗 价值50－200元
（四）集体奖励的条件
凡符合下列条件者，可根据事迹突出程度，贡献大小，给予不同等级的奖励。
1、领导坚强有力，精心组织，精心指挥，较好地发挥党委（支部）的点头保垒作用和党员的先锋模范作用，领导干部以身作则，为人表率。
2、思想政治工作扎实、有效，两个文明建设成绩突出。
3、保质保量园满完成任务，并在调查、科研或本职工作中有创新。
4、确保安全、不发生政治和责任事故。
5、作风顽强，吃苦耐劳，敢打硬仗，恶仗，并注意把革命精神与科学态度结合起来。
6、遵守各项规章制度和外事纪律，注意内外团结，不发生失、泄密事件。
第四条：奖励的审批权限
（一）个人奖励审批权限
1、科级（含科）以下人员的嘉奖由处级（或相当）党委审批。
2、处级干部的嘉奖和处级（含处）以下人员的三等功，由地司级（或相当）党委审批。
3、司局级干部的嘉奖、三等功和所有人员的二等功、一等功，由国家海洋局审批。
（二）集体单位奖励审批权限
1、县处级单位嘉奖的科级（含科）以下单位嘉奖、三等功，由地司级（或相当）党委审批。
2、县处级单位三等功和所有单位的二等功、一等功均由国家海洋局审批。
第五条 惩 罚
惩罚主要是对个人进行惩罚
种类分：警告、记过、记大过、降级、撤职、留用察看、开除公职等六种。
第六条 惩罚的条件
凡有下列情况之一者，应根据情节轻重、影响大小，给予不同等级的惩罚。
1、政治立场不坚定，作出有碍于执行海上调查科研任务的言论和行动，作出有损于祖国荣誉、尊严的言论和行动者。
2、工作不负责任，消极怠工，玩忽职守，造成严重损失者。
3、擅离职守，不坚守岗位以及不按操作规程办事而造成责任事故者。
4、因怕苦、怕脏、怕累而完不成本职工作以及在危急关头贪生，畏缩不前者。
5、违反国家法律、法令和严重违犯有关政策规定，以及不服从命令，不听从指挥，失、泄密者。
6、严重自由主义，制造矛盾，闹不团结，给工作造成损失。制造、散布谣言，煽动闹事者。
7、破坏盗窃集体和他人财物或发现违法言行不报告，不斗争，袒护、包庇者。
8、思想言语不健康，看黄色书报，进行不健康娱乐活动，以及赌博、酗酒、滋事、谩骂、打架斗殴者。
第七条 惩罚的审批权限
1、给予处级（含处）以下人员警告、记过、记大过由分局审批。
2、给予司、局级人员警告、记过、记大过以及对所有人员的降级（职），留用察看，开除公职由国家海洋局审批。
第八条 实施方法
采取平时考察、普遍摸底、领导提名、支部（党委）讨论、上级审批的方法进行。集体单位奖励，在大单位已给予奖励的情况下，所属单位的奖励等级不超过大单位等级时，不再实施奖励。
第九条 对个人奖励、惩罚的决定，要填写卡片，存入档案，作为考核、晋升职级的依据。
第十条 本规定适用于执行远洋调查的单位和个人以及参加筹备、保障、服务工作的单位和个人。
第十一条 本条例由国家海洋局负责解释，并自颁发之日起生效。
